Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was born on January 23, 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa, into a prominent Bengali family. He was the ninth of 14 children of Janakinath Bose and Prabhavati Devi.
In 1919, Bose ranked fourth in the prestigious Indian Civil Services exam. He resigned in 1921, refusing to serve the British government who oppressed his fellow Indians.
German and Indian officials in Berlin often called Netaji the "Prince among Patriots" for his unwavering dedication to India’s independence.
Since 2021, January 23 has been celebrated as "Parakram Diwas" to honor Netaji’s bravery and inspire Indian youth, with his patriotic spirit.
Netaji set up Azad Hind Radio in Germany to spread the freedom movement’s message. His slogans like "Jai Hind" and "Dilli Chalo" remain iconic in Indian history.
While in Germany, Bose married Austrian Emilie Schenki to gain support for India’s freedom. They had a daughter, Anita Bose, a well-known German economist.
To promote freedom and self-rule, Bose started the newspaper Swaraj. It inspired Indians and became a key tool to challenge British authority.