(Text Courtesy: PTI, Pic Courtesy: Freepik)
A globally recognised respiratory virus Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) has recently gained attention after its outbreak was first reported in China. It is a viral pathogen that causes respiratory infections in people of all age groups. Two cases of HMPV were recently reported in Karnataka as part of routine surveillance by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), according to PTI.
First discovered in 2001, it belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family and is closely related to the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). HMPV spreads through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing, as well as by touching contaminated surfaces or coming into direct contact with infected individuals.
It depends on age, general health and immune response. Mild cases typically present with a runny nose, sore throat, cough and fever, resembling a common cold. Moderate symptoms may include persistent cough, wheezing and fatigue.
Mild cases of human HMPV usually last a few days to a week. In severe cases, it will probably take longer to feel better. Cough, may take longer to go away. (RT-PCR) is the gold standard diagnostic tool for detecting HMPV RNA, while antigen detection assays offer quicker results.
HMPV and COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, are both respiratory pathogens but they differ significantly in their virology, transmission dynamics and public health impact. Vaccines and antiviral treatments are available for COVID-19 whereas HMPV management is limited to supportive care with no specific antiviral or vaccine currently available.